Kana kuverenga kwasvika pamiganhu yekukurumidza kwewachi, tinoshandisa magadzirirwo emhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Kana kutaurirana kwasvika pamiganhu yekukurumidza kwekutumira, tinoshandisa masisitimu e-antenna akawanda. Ndezvipi zvakanakira zvakaita kuti masayendisiti nemainjiniya vasarudze maantenna akawanda sehwaro hwe5G nedzimwe nzira dzekutaurirana dzisina waya? Kunyange zvazvo kusiyana kwenzvimbo kwaive iko kwakatanga kukurudzira kuwedzera maantenna panzvimbo dzepasi, zvakaonekwa pakati pemakore ekuma1990 kuti kuisa maantenna akawanda padivi reTx uye/kana Rx kwakavhura mimwe mikana yaisatarisirwa nehurongwa hwemaantenna rimwe chete. Ngatitsanangurei matekiniki matatu makuru munyaya iyi.
**Kugadzira mwenje**
Kugadzira beamforming ndiyo tekinoroji huru iyo yakavakirwa pairi layer chaiyo ye5G cellular networks. Kune mhando mbiri dzakasiyana dzekugadzira beamforming:
Kugadzira beamforming kwekare, kunozivikanwawo seLine-of-Sight (LoS) kana kuti physical beamforming
Kugadzira beamforming kwakajairika, kunozivikanwawo seNon-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) kana kuti virtual beamforming
Pfungwa iri shure kwemarudzi ese ekugadzira beamforming ndeyekushandisa maantenna akawanda kuwedzera simba remasaini kune mumwe mushandisi, ukuwo uchidzvinyirira masaini kubva kuzvinhu zvinokanganisa. Sekufananidza, mafirita edhijitari anoshandura zviri mukati mechiratidzo munzvimbo yemafrequency mukuita kunonzi spectral filtering. Nenzira imwecheteyo, kugadzira beamforming kunoshandura zviri mukati mechiratidzo munzvimbo yemasaini. Ndokusaka zvichinziwo spatial filtering.
Kugadzira mwenje wemuviri kwagara kuripo kwenguva refu mukugadzirisa masaini ehurongwa hwe sonar ne radar. Kunogadzira mwenje chaiyo munzvimbo yekutumira kana kugamuchira uye nekudaro kwakabatana zvakanyanya nekona yekusvika (AoA) kana kona yekubuda (AoD) yechiratidzo. Kufanana nekugadzira OFDM parallel streams munzvimbo ye frequency, classical kana physical beamforming inogadzira mwenje we parallel munzvimbo ye angular.
Kune rumwe rutivi, muchimiro chayo chiri nyore, kugadzira mwenje wemagetsi kana kuti wepakombiyuta zvinoreva kutumira (kana kugamuchira) masaini akafanana kubva kune yega yega antenna yeTx (kana Rx) nechikamu chakakodzera uye kuwedzera huremu zvekuti simba remasaini rinowedzera kune mumwe mushandisi. Kusiyana nekutungamira danda nenzira yakati, kutumira kana kugamuchira kunoitika munzira dzese, asi kiyi ndeyekuwedzera makopi akawanda echiratidzo parutivi rwekugamuchira kuderedza mhedzisiro yekupera kwenzira.
**Kuwedzera Nzvimbo**
Mu spatial multiplexing mode, input data stream inokamurwa kuita multiple parallel streams mu spatial domain, stream yega yega yobva yatumirwa pamusoro peTx chains dzakasiyana. Chero bedzi nzira dze channel dzichisvika kubva kumakona akasiyana zvakakwana paRx antennas, pasina hukama, digital signal processing (DSP) matekiniki anogona kushandura wireless medium kuita independent parallel channels. Iyi MIMO mode ndiyo yave chinhu chikuru chekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwedata remazuva ano wireless systems, sezvo independent information ichitumirwa panguva imwe chete kubva kuma antennas akawanda pamusoro pebandwidth imwechete. Detection algorithms dzakadai se zero forcing (ZF) dzinoparadzanisa modulation symbols kubva pakukanganiswa kwemamwe antennas.
Sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo, muWiFi MU-MIMO, ma "data streams" akawanda anotumirwa panguva imwe chete kune vashandisi vakawanda kubva kuma "transmit antennas" akawanda.
**Kunyora Kodhi Munguva Yenzvimbo**
Munzira iyi, zvirongwa zvekunyora makodhi zvakakosha zvinoshandiswa mukati menguva nemaantenna zvichienzaniswa nemasisitimu eantenna imwe chete, kusimudzira kusiyana kwemasaini ekugamuchira pasina kurasikirwa kwedata paanogamuchira. Makodhi espace-time anowedzera kusiyana kwenzvimbo pasina kudiwa kwekufungidzira kwechiteshi pamuchina unotumira maantenna akawanda.
Concept Microwave inyanzvi yekugadzira zvikamu zve5G RF zvemaAntenna systems muChina, zvinosanganisira RF lowpass filter, highpass filter, bandpass filter, notch filter/band stop filter, duplexer, Power divider uye directional coupler. Zvese zvinogona kugadziriswa zvichienderana nezvaunoda.
Tinokugamuchirai pawebhusaiti yedu:www.pfungwa-mw.comkana kutitumira tsamba pa:sales@concept-mw.com
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-29-2024