Kusagadzikana kweSisitimu ye5G uye Matanho Ekudzivirira

**5G (NR) Masisitimu uye Networks**

Tekinoroji ye5G inoshandisa hunyanzvi hwakasiyana uye hwakasiyana-siyana kupfuura zvizvarwa zvekare zvenetwork dzenharembozha, zvichibvumira kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa masevhisi nemabasa enetwork. Masisitimu e5G ane zvikamu zvitatu zvakakosha: **RAN** (Radio Access Network), **CN** (Core Network) uye Edge Networks.

- **RAN** inobatanidza nharembozha (UEs) kune network huru kuburikidza netekinoroji dzakasiyana-siyana dzisina waya dzakadai semmWave, Massive MIMO, uye beamforming.

- **Core Network (CN)** inopa mabasa makuru ekudzora nekutarisira akadai sekuvimbisa, kufamba, uye kuendesa zvinhu kunzira.

- **Edge Networks** inobvumira zviwanikwa zve network kuti zvive pedyo nevashandisi nemidziyo, zvichigonesa masevhisi e low-latency uye high-bandwidth se cloud computing, AI, uye IoT.

Masisitimu e5G (NR) ane magadzirirwo maviri: **NSA** (Non-Standalone) uye **SA** (Standalone):

- **NSA** inoshandisa 4G LTE infrastructure iripo (eNB neEPC) pamwe chete ne5G nodes itsva (gNB), ichishandisa 4G core network pamabasa ekudzora. Izvi zvinoita kuti 5G ikurumidze kuiswa pamanetwork aripo.

- **SA** ine chimiro che5G chakachena chine network itsva ye5G core uye nzvimbo dzezviteshi zvepasi (gNB) zvinopa kugona kwakakwana kwe5G senge latency yakaderera uye kucheka network. Musiyano mukuru pakati peNSA neSA uri mukuvimba kwenetwork yepakati uye nzira yekushanduka-shanduka - NSA ndiyo hwaro hwekuvaka kweSA yepamusoro, yakazvimirira.

**Zvipingamupinyi neMatambudziko eKuchengetedzwa**

Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekuoma, kusiyana-siyana uye kubatana, matekinoroji e5G anounza njodzi itsva dzekuchengetedza uye matambudziko kune network dzisina waya. Semuenzaniso, zvinhu zvakawanda zve network, ma interfaces uye ma protocol zvinogona kushandiswa nevanhu vane hutsinye vakaita sema hackers kana matsotsi e cyber. Mapato akadaro anowanzoedza kuunganidza nekugadzirisa huwandu hwakawanda hwe data remunhu uye rakavanzika kubva kune vashandisi nemidziyo nekuda kwezvinangwa zviri pamutemo kana zvisiri pamutemo. Uyezve, network dze5G dzinoshanda munzvimbo ine simba, zvichikonzera matambudziko emutemo uye ekutevedzera mitemo kune vanobata nharembozha, vanopa masevhisi nevashandisi sezvo vachifanira kutevedzera mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yekudzivirira data munyika dzakasiyana uye mwero wekuchengetedza network weindasitiri.

**Mhinduro uye Matanho Ekudzivirira**

5G inopa kuchengetedzeka kwakawedzerwa uye kuvanzika kuburikidza nemhinduro itsva dzakadai sekusimbisa encryption uye authentication, edge computing uye blockchain, AI uye machine learning. 5G inoshandisa algorithm itsva ye encryption inonzi **5G AKA** yakavakirwa pa elliptic curve cryptography, ichipa vimbiso dzekuchengetedza dzakanaka. Pamusoro pezvo, 5G inoshandisa framework itsva yekusimbisa inonzi **5G SEAF** yakavakirwa pa network slicing. Edge computing inobvumira data kugadziriswa uye kuchengetwa pa network edge, zvichideredza latency, bandwidth uye kushandiswa kwesimba. Blockchains inogadzira uye inotarisira distributed, decentralized ledgers recording uye kusimbisa network transaction events. AI ne machine learning zvinoongorora nekufanotaura mapatani e network uye anomalies kuti zvione kurwiswa/zviitiko uye kugadzira/kuchengetedza network data uye kuzivikanwa.

Chengdu Concept Microwave Technology CO.,Ltd inyanzvi yekugadzira zvikamu zve5G/6G RF muChina, zvinosanganisira RF lowpass filter, highpass filter, bandpass filter, notch filter/band stop filter, duplexer, Power divider uye directional coupler. Zvese zvinogona kugadziriswa zvichienderana nezvaunoda.

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